12
Ephraim Reminded 
1 Ephraim feeds on the [emptiness of the] wind 
And [continually] pursues the [parching] east wind [which brings destruction]; 
Every day he multiplies lies and violence. 
Further, he makes a covenant with Assyria 
And (olive) oil is carried to Egypt [to seek alliances]. [Is 30:6, 7] 
2 The Loʀᴅ also has a dispute [a legal complaint and an indictment] with Judah, 
And He will punish Jacob in accordance with his ways; 
He will repay him in accordance with his deeds. 
3 In their mother’s womb he took his brother by the heel, 
And in his maturity he contended with God. [Gen 25:26; 27:36] 
4 He wrestled with the angel and prevailed; 
He wept [in repentance] and sought His favor. 
He met Him at Bethel 
And there God spoke with [him and through him with] us— [Gen 28:12-19; 32:28; 35:1-15] 
5 Even the Loʀᴅ, the God of hosts, 
The name of Him [who spoke with Jacob] is the Loʀᴅ. 
6 Therefore, return [in repentance] to your God, 
Observe and highly regard kindness and justice, 
And wait [expectantly] for your God continually. 
7 A merchant, in whose hand are false and fraudulent balances; 
He loves to oppress and exploit. 
8 Ephraim said, “I have indeed become rich [and powerful as a nation]; 
I have found wealth for myself. 
In all my labors they will not find in me 
Any wickedness that would be sin.” [Rev 3:17] 
9 But I have been the Loʀᴅ your God since [you became a nation in] the land of Egypt; 
I will make you live in tents again, 
As in the days of the appointed and solemn festival. [Lev 23:39-43] 
10 I have also spoken to [you through] the prophets, 
And I gave [them] many visions [to make My will known], 
And through the prophets I gave parables [to appeal to your sense of right and wrong]. 
11 Is there wickedness (idolatry) in Gilead? 
Surely the people there are worthless. 
In Gilgal [they defy Me when] they sacrifice bulls, 
Yes, [after My judgment] their [pagan] altars are like the stone heaps 
In the furrows of the fields. 
   
12 Now Jacob (Israel) fled into the open country of Aram (Paddan-aram), [Gen 28:2, 5] 
And [there] Israel (Jacob) worked and served for a wife, 
And for a wife he kept sheep. [Gen 29:18-20; 30:31; 31:38-41] 
13 And by a prophet (Moses) the Loʀᴅ brought Israel up from Egypt, 
And by a prophet Israel was preserved. 
14 Ephraim has provoked most bitter anger; 
So his Lord will leave his bloodguilt on him [invoking punishment] 
And bring back to him his shame and dishonor.